Glossary Italians

Ability:
Is the capacity of a computer to execute many programs at the same time, very quick and precise.
An other very important ability of computers is it memory, than can process thousands of files and keep then to be use later.
All of these and many others abilities makes a computer completely necessary now days.
These machines are very advanced compare with human's brain in the area of memory, numeric ability, etc. But is the human who wins the trophy when what is being assessed is the thinking and the feeling because computers still can’t generate or develop thoughts on their own feelings.

Artificial Intelligence (AI):
Is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science which aims to create it. AI is the study and design of intelligent agents, where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines.”

Behavior:
Is defined as the sets of actions of an organism that acts in response to a stimulus coming from the internal or external, objectively observable. Related to artificial intelligence, it is noted that these machines behave the way they deem appropriate, through the rationality that is in them.
The behavior can be conscious or unconscious, voluntary or involuntary, public or private, depending on the circumstances affecting them. An organism doesn't take into account if you are alone or accompanied to behaving in any way, since it has no conscience, knowledge that only humans possess without knowing how and why.

Cognitive:
Relative to knowledge or to analyze the mental processes involved in knowledge, such as attention, perceptions, reasoning, imagination, thought and language.



Computer:
Is a term used to designate every type of machine or equipment that requires or used Artificial Intelligence. This machine have the capacity of manipulates data according to a set of instructions, and is through this that it can already recreate many convincingly human-like behaviors, and is considered that, at some point in the not too distant future, may actually be able to recreate human consciousness.

Conscience:
Is the knowledge that has a being about itself and its environment. Literally means "with knowledge", but an inner knowledge, deep, set in the mind.
The conscience coupled with artificial intelligence, cause complications at the interrelation moment, since a cybernetic body, mechanical or robotic machinery, works according to rules which it made for, while a man acts according to his view, his understanding or his intuition.
It is important to emphasize that we must first know how is the man, how he thinks, and then we can be able to teach machines.

Intelligence:
The word comes from the Latin verb intellegere, which means "to understand". Is a term used to describe a property of the mind that encompasses many related abilities, such as the capacities to reason, to plan, to solve problems, to think abstractly, to comprehend ideas, to use language and to learn.

Memory:
Internal storage areas in the computer. The term memory identifies data storage that comes in the form of chips, and the word storage is used for memory that exists on tapes or disks. Moreover, the term memory is usually used as a shorthand for physical memory, which refers to the actual chips capable of holding data. Some computers also use virtual memory, which expands physical memory onto a hard disk.
Every computer comes with a certain amount of physical memory, usually referred to as main memory or RAM. You can think of main memory as an array of boxes, each of which can hold a single byte of information. A computer that has 1 megabyte of memory, therefore, can hold about 1 million bytes (or characters) of information.
There are several different types of memory:
 RAM (random-access memory
 ROM (read-only memory):
 PROM (programmable read-only memory):
 EPROM (erasable programmable read-only memory):
 EEPROM (electrically erasable programmable read-only memory

Mind:
Refers to the aspects of intellect and consciousness manifested as combinations of thought, perception, memory, and all of the brain's conscious and unconscious cognitive processes. "Mind" is often used to refer especially to the thought processes of reason.

Nanotechnology:
Refers to the studies and techniques applied to the handling of the matter on a scale almost as small as an atom, measured in nanometers (1 nanometer = 0.000000001 meter). Nanotechnology is being very used nowadays, having already more than three thousand products made with nanotechnology, such as, microchips, microprocessors, nanomaterials, nanobots, etc.